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(∺rt: The Tokio Kid, Time Magazine, June 15, 1942.) In this particular poster, he is brandishing a bloody knife, which supports the aforementioned portrayal of the Japanese as dangerous murderers. According to Time Magazine, the Tokio Kid was created by artist Jack Campbell and sponsored by Douglas Aircraft Company as part of the companys campaign to reduce waste. Tokio Kid Say depicts the Tokio Kid, a Japanese character that appeared in a sequence of WWII propaganda posters (Figure 2). These racial distinctions were purposefully included in order to further alienate the Japanese as the other people.Īnalysis of a supplemental WWII poster further proves the influence of propaganda in spreading racial stereotypes. On the other hand, the subhuman depiction of the Japanese detached any human relation between the two races.
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The American audience, young and old alike, could relate to her familiar facial features and human-like appearance. She has attractive facial features and shows no hints of animalism. The woman, on the other hand, has an ideal American appearance. The slanted eyes illustrate another Asian stereotype, and the monkey-like face depicts the Japanese as animalistic monsters. Other differentiations of the soldier include slanted eyes and a face that resembles an animal.
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The peach skin color of the woman is a typical depiction of a Caucasian American, while yellow is the color stereotypically assigned to people of Asian descent. The purpose of this was to rally the nation behind the war to defeat the Japanese enemy.Īside from fear tactics, the visual elements in the poster also support racial stereotypes against the Japanese. These features combine to instill fear and anger in the minds of Americans. The knife is pointed menacingly at the woman, indicating murderous intent. The large, looming position of the soldier adds to his intimidation, while the inferior position of the woman emphasizes her helplessness. The stark white of the teeth and eyes on both faces highlights their extremely emotional expressions: one of anger and menace on the Japanese soldier, and one of utter fear and terror on the woman. When viewing the image, the thick lines and dark colors combine to create an ominous tone. One strategy used to accomplish this was fear tactic.
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In the case of This is the Enemy, the purpose was to change American perceptions of the Japanese (Figure 1). In other words, propaganda is used to influence people psychologically in order to alter social perceptions. In her journal article, Lynette Finch defined propaganda as the management of opinions and attitudes by the direct manipulation of social suggestion.” (Lynette Finch, Psychological Propaganda: The War of Ideas on Ideas During the First Half of the Twentieth Century, Armed Forces & Society 26, no. By dehumanizing the Japanese and instilling fear in the minds of Americans, WWII propaganda posters prompted cultural and racial hatred that led to massive historical consequences for the Japanese.įorms of propaganda have permeated society for centuries and have evolved to become a common tool of warfare. This image represents a clash between two nations at war and illustrates the biased perceptions that developed as a result. Its purpose was to embody the entire Japanese nation as a ruthless and animalistic enemy that needed to be defeated. This 1942 poster, titled This is the Enemy, circulated in the United States following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Close analysis shows that the attached World War II propaganda poster is one such image (Figure 1). Images created in times of war reveal the tensions and fears ignited by the conflicts between nations.